Pile-wire cutter for looms



Jan. 13, 1925.

M. B. BEHRMAN PILE WIRE CUTTER FOR LOOMS Filed June' e, 1923 w m 1.5 an.m\ 3 .mY M

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Patented Jan. 13, i925.

inane MARCUS B. BEER-MAN, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW* YORK, ASSGNOR TO THE LOXSEAL COR- PORATION, OF NORTH BERGEN, NEN JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEWJERSEY.

PILE-XVIRE CUTTER FOR LOOMS.

\ Application tiled June 6,

To whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, MARCUS B. Bnl-Imran, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pile- VVireCutters for Looms, of which the following is Va specification.

The invention relates to the class of looms adapted for weaving pilefabrics, andit consists in a novel construction of the pile wiresemployed in such looms for cutting the pile, it being commonly knownthat the wires are made use of in a group and are successively insertedinto and withdrawn from the shed of the fabric. Each wire carries at oneof its ends a blade or cutter, which when drawn through the pile loopsor floats formed from the warp threads, Severs or cuts the same to formthe pile.

The wires of my invention are applicable to existing looms, and hence myinvention, while relating to looms, consists primarily in the wiresoperating in a customary manner and by the usual means, but possessingnovelty in respect to that portion thereof directly carrying the bladefor cutting the pile.

In accordance with my invention the pile wire is specially constructedat its forward end to form a holder adapted to detachably receive andsecurely hold a small flat steel blade or cutter, and said blade orcutter is of special construction adapting it to said holder and tocooperate with the blade-securing features thereof.

One of the objects'of my invention is to provide eiicientblade holdingmeans which will permit the convenient insertion of the blade into theholder therefor and the convenient removal of the blade therefrom, theblade while in operation being elfeetually and firmly held.

The invention will be fully understood from the detailed descriptionhereinafter presented, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away, of a pile wireconstructed in accordance with and embodying my invention, the blade orcutter being shown in its operative position within the holder formed inthe forward end of said pile wire;

Fig. 2 is a centralvertical longitudinal section, partly broken away,through the 1923. Serial No. 643,633.

forward portion of the pile wire and illustrates the blade or cutter inside elevation and in the initial position to which it is applied in theholder and before being slid, toward the left looking at Fig. 2, for thepurpose of tightening the blade and locking the same within the holder,Fig. 2 being on an enlarged scale for clearness of illustra.- tion;

Fig. 3 is a corresponding view of the same showing the blade as havingbeen moved to its operative position from the position in which theblade is shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a top edge view of the same, the blade being shown in itsoperative position, and

Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the same taken on the dotted line5-5 of Fig. 3, and being on an enlarged scale.

in the drawings 10 designates a pile wire and pile cutter embodying atits forward end, that heilig the left hand end looking at the drawings,the features of my invention, the other portion of the wire being ofusual or any suitable form and construction. The pile wire is areasonably thin strip or bar of steel and somewhat longer than the widthof the fabric to be woven, and the method of employing the pile wires ina loom weaving pile fabrics is too well-known to require descriptionherein. I have only shown one pile wire 10 in the drawings, but it iswell-known that the pile wires are used in groups and that all the wiresof a group are alike.

0n the forward end of the wire 10 is a holder 11 for the blade or cutter12, said holder being of sheet steel and the blank therefor being bentor folded into approximately U-shape in cross-section and said holderreceiving at one end and being brazed to the adjacent end of the rod 13of the wire.

The holder 11 is of special construction and between its side members14, 15 is formed a long narrow recess or socket 16 to receive the baseportion of the blade or cutter 12, the edge of the base of the bladebeing straight and seated against the upper surface of the flat bottoml( of the recess or socket 16. The recess or socket 16 for the blade orcutter is of special construction in that the side members 14, 15gradually converge toward the forward end of the wire, as shown moreclearly in 4f, thereby imtroduction of the blade into fthe holder, asshownin Fig. 2, preparatory to said blade being moved to its operativeposition shown in Figs. 1, 3 'and 41. The side members 141, 15of theholder are, near their outer ends, of considerable height, as shown, soas to engagerthe opposite sides of a substantial portion of the .shankend of the blade 12, s shown in Fig/3, and from this wider portion ofthe members 14, 15 of the holder, said members incline downwardly towardthe right, 'as at 18, 18', to the uppeiI edge of the holder, and at thebase of said inclined portions, afinger or cross-bar 19 extends acrossthe upper edge of the recess or socket 1G, said finger or cross-barinthe present instance being v,formed integrally with the side member111 and bent vacross the upper edge of the recess or socket 16 andhaving its free end against'the upper edge of the side member 15. Theforward ends of the side members 14, 15 are brought together and curvedlaterally to provide the customary guard 20. The aforesaid edge 1S visconcaved so as to expose the adjacent opposite portion of the sidemember y15 and thereby facilitate the filial manual positioning ofV theblade.

The blade 12 has an inclined cutting edge 21, a straight lower edge toengage the bottom 17,01 the recess v16 of the holder, a straight'upperedge 22, an outer or shank edge 23, an inclined edge 24 which extendsfrom the edge 23 to the edge 22, and an outwardly projectinglongitudinal tongue 9 which 'extends outwardly beyond the outer edge 23of the blade orfcutter and is wholly confined within the recess loof theholder. The blade or cutter is formed with alongitudinal slot 25 whichextends inwardly from the shank end of the blade, and'this slot has ahorizontal upper edge extending inwardly from the lower end of the outeror shank edge vd3 and an inclined lower edge entending inwardly fromalong the upper edge ofthe tongue 9. The slot 251is positioned to slideupon the cross-bar 19 when the blade is firstlintroduced into the holder11 (Fig. v2) and then moved to the left therein YorA to the positionshown in Figs. 1 and 3. Gn sliding the blade or cutter to its operatiyeposition shown in Fig. 3, the inner closedfend of the slot 25 ispreferably not permitted to reach the edge of the cross-bar 19, and thelower edge of said slot is so disposed that itwill wedge againstA thecrossbar before said closed end of the slot reaches said cross-bar, as 1indicate in Fig. 3. That portion of the blade or-cntter below the slot25 constitutes in effect an inward continuation of the tongue 9 and maybe so regarded,

and tliistongue having a downwardly and Y i ;v Y tongue becomesassuredlyeffectlve, and Vin addition .this arrangement and constructionassures the proper A,securing` of the blade or cutter 12 even thoughwear mayhave taken place on the lower surface of said cross-bar. Y

The repeated insertion and withdrawal Vof blades or cutters 12 from theholder 14 and the pressure exerted againstV the lower surface of thecrossfbar 19 bythe lower edge of the slot 25`naturallyresults in weartaking place at said surface of said Vcross-bar and hence the holdermayfha'veav longer lifeV when the slot 25 is so disposed with'respect tothe cross-bar that the closedrend of the slot does not reach the edge ofsaid bar until after the blade has been in use a consider-V ablelength'of time and may be discarded for a` new blade. A i' 1 alsopreferably form a hole'8 in the blade 12 to receive a hook or tool notshown, by which after the bladehas been introduced into thefholderin theposition shown in Fig. 2, pressure may be vconveniently applied to thebladeat the hole 8, to slideV the blade outwardlvfand wedge the tongue 9between Ithe sides of the outer end of the holder and wedge the loweredge of the Vslot 25 against the cross-bar 19. L

1n assembling the bladeor cutter 12with the holder 11 the blade'isintroduced downwardly into theholder andbetween thev side members 14, 15thereof at the right of the cross-bar 19, as I illustrate in Fig. 2, theholder snugly though freely receiving the blade, andthereupon the bladeis drawir forwardly by means'of a pair of pliers or other suitable toolso as to carry the slot 25 along the cross-bar 19 until said `barris atthe inner portion of'said slot or .intheV position shown in Figs. 1 andV3, and this movement of the blade or cutter 12V results Y Vvergingsides of the for-'ward portions of the said side members 14. 15 and inthe upper edge of the tongue wedging against the cross-bar 19 The bladeor cutter 12 thus becomes very firmly held within the holder 11, beingprevented during use from riding upwardly from the holder and being welladapted to resist any strains which may be exerted against its cuttingedge 21 during the use of the wire in a loom. l regard the wedging ofthe shank portion of the blade between the sides of the holder and thewedging of the lower wall of the slot 25 against the cross-bar 19, asvery important in maintaining the blade in rigid operative position foruse.

It is to be noted that the opposite sides of the holder are, inaccordance with my invention, left integral and smooth and that the`forward ends of the side members 14, 15 gradually approach each otherand are deflected to form the guard 20 which, being of double-thickness,possesses strength and durability. The converging forward portions ofthe side members 14, 15 not only produce the wedge recess or socket forthe bla de, but present smooth unbroken surfaces which ensure theconvenient use of the wire in a loom.

.The blade may be removed from the holder by drawing the same from overthe cross-bar 19 and out of the wedge-shaped forward 4end of the recessor socket 16 and into the wider portion of said socket or recess, to theintroductory position of the blade shown in Fig. 2, the blade when inthat position being capable of being conveniently lifted from theholder.

Wherever in the claims reference is made to the engagement between theinclined surface on the blade and the member 19 as being of a characterthat the blade will be held in position against removal, by suchengagement, it is intended to set forth that such engagement by itselfwill hold the blade in position. It is not, however, intended that thereference shall be construed as excluding from the scope of the claimsthe employment therewith of additional means for still furthersupplementing or assisting in the holding of the blade in position.

I do not confine my invention to the shape of the holder 11 and blade orcutter 12 shown and described, since these details may be changed ormodified within the scope of the appended claims. The more essentialfeatures of the invention reside in the holder having the longitudinalrecess 16 and cross-bar 19 and in the blade or cutter l2 adapted to saidrecess and having the longitudinal slot or cut-out 25 to slide upon andbec-ome wedged at one edge against said cross-bar, thereby securing theblade or cutter; the wedging of the blade or cutter against thecross-bar being ntensified by the resistance of the pile-loops to thecutting edge of the blade when the pile-wire is in operation. It is alsodesirable that a portion of the outer end of the blade engage thedeflected outer end portion of the holder beyond the cross-bar 19,

lVhat l claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. For use in looms for weaving pile fabrics, a pile wire having a seatfor a knife blade and an abutment in spaced relation to said seat, and ablade provided with an inclined surface and arranged to be positionedbetween said seat and abutment with said inclined surface in contactwith one of them, the incline of the blade being such that when theblade is moved longitudinally of the pile wire into position between theseat and the abutment member, with the inclined surface of the blade inengagement with the abutment, a gripping engagement between the bladeand the pile wire will result, which will be of such a character thatthe blade will be held in position against. removal by such engagement.

2. For use in looms for weaving pile fabrics, a pile wire having a seatfor a knife blade and. an abutment member spaced from said seat andextending thereacross, and a blade having a wedge-shaped portionthereon, said wedge-shaped portion being arranged and adapted to bemoved along the seat into position between the seat and abutment withthe inclined part of the wedgeshaped portion in engagement with one ofthem and the incline of the inclined part of the wedge-shaped portionbeing such that as the blade is moved longitudinally of the pile wire, awedging engagement between the wedge-shaped portion of the blade and theseat and abutment member will be attained and the blade will be heldagainst removal by such engagement.

3. For use in looms for weaving pile fabrics, a pile wire having a seatfor a knife blade and an abutment in spaced relation to said seat, anda. blade arranged to be positioned between said seat and abutment memberwith the three in contact, and means for securing a gripping engagementtherebetween including an inclined portion on one of said three, theinclined portion being of such a character and being so arranged that asthe blade is moved along the seat toward the free extremity of the pilewire, a gripping engagement with said inclined portion will result,which gripping engagement will be of a character to hold the blade inposition against accidental removal.

1. For use as an attachment to a pile wire having a seat thereon and anabutment member spaced therefrom, a blade provided with an inclinedsurface of such a character that when said knife is positioned betweenthe seat and abutment member with aan the ifnclined surface inengagement with one of them when the knife is moved toward the freeextremity of thepile wire, a gripping engagement between the seat,abutment and knife will result and the knife will be held therebypinposition. i

For use as an attachment to a pile wire having a seat thereon and anabutment member spaced from said seat, a blade having a combined guidingand wedging portion thereon arranged and adapted when movedlongitudinally between the seat and abutment member on a pile wire toproduce an increasing gripping engagement therebetween which engagementwill hold the blade in position against accidental removal. Y

6. For use in looms for weaving pile fabries, a pile wire having on oneend a holder provided with a recess, and Va c ross bar crossing saidrecess above the bottom there of; and a blade seated in said recess withits cutting edge exposed above the same, said blade having a lower edgeto engage the bottom of the holder and an upper edge inclined downwardlyand outwardly to wedge against said cross bar, said incline being ofsuch a character that when the blade is moved along the recess towardthe free extremity of the pile wire, an increasing gripping engagement.will result, which engagement will hold the blade in position againstremoval.

7. For use in looms for weaving pile-fabries, a pile wire having on oneend a holder which is approximately of U-sliape in crosssection and hasa bottom and side members forming a blade-receiving recess, said holderalso having a cross-bar crossing said recess,

and a blade seated onA edge in said recess with its cuttingedge exposedabove the same,

said blade having a lowerj edge to engage the bottoni of the holder andalongitudinal slot extending inwardly from its outer or shank end to passupon said crossbar, the.,

lower edgeof the slot being inclined downwardly and outwardly tof wedgeagainst said cross-bar, said holder at its outer end portion beingdeiiected laterally and said blade at its outer end portion engagingsaid portion of the holder. Y

8. For use inloorns Y` for weaving pilefabrics, a pile wire-,having onone-end aV wardly and Aoutwardly inclined Lipper edge to wedge againstsaid barythe side memL bers of the holder inwardly from said crossbarbeing substantially Vparallel and spaced apart to freely receive thebladaon edge and said members outwardly fromv said cross-,bar beingconverged to thereat taper said recess and adaptthe same to receive andhold a portion of the blade with a. lirm wedging action. U

Signed at Brooklyn, in the county Aof Kings and` State of New York,Vthis 31st day of May, A. D. 1923. .Y

MARCUS B. BEHRMAN.

